Condition
Heart Rhythm Problems (Arrhythmia)
When the heart beats too fast, too slow, or irregularly.
What it is
An arrhythmia is any abnormal heart rhythm. Some are harmless and need only reassurance; others — like atrial fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia — can cause stroke or sudden death and need urgent treatment.
Symptoms
- Palpitations or racing heart
- Skipped beats
- Dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting
- Breathlessness
- Chest discomfort
Risk factors
- Coronary disease
- High BP
- Thyroid problems
- Excess caffeine or alcohol
- Sleep apnoea
- Genetic conditions
How it's diagnosed
- ECG
- 24–72 hour Holter monitor
- Event recorder or implantable loop recorder
- Electrophysiology study (EP study) in selected cases
Treatment options
- Medication (beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, anti-arrhythmics)
- Blood thinner for atrial fibrillation (to prevent stroke)
- Catheter ablation
- Pacemaker for slow rhythms
- AICD for life-threatening fast rhythms
Related procedures
FAQ
Questions patients ask us most
Are skipped beats dangerous?+
In a structurally normal heart, occasional skipped beats are usually harmless. Frequent skips, or symptoms with them, should be checked.
Why does atrial fibrillation need a blood thinner?+
AF can let small clots form inside the heart, which can travel to the brain and cause a stroke. Blood thinners reduce this risk by over 60%.
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